Earth Science Library — Index

The geosciences — the materials, structure, history, surface, water, and resources of the solid Earth (and its oceans). The descriptive and field-science complement to Physics/geophysics (which carries the physics of the Earth’s interior, seismology, gravity, and the geodynamo). Sister to Chemistry/, Biology/, MaterialsScience/, and ClimateScience/ (which carries the atmosphere, climate, and cryosphere).

  • Status: Tier 1 complete across the core subfields (13 notes, authored 2026-06-02).
  • Conventions: SI units; equations in KaTeX ($...$, LaTeX commands only); named workers/discoveries with years.

Tier 1 — Materials of the Earth

TopicFileScope
Mineralogymineralogycrystallography, crystal chemistry, properties, the silicate classification
Igneous & metamorphic petrologyigneous-and-metamorphic-petrologymagma & crystallization, metamorphic facies & textures, tectonic significance
Sedimentology & stratigraphysedimentology-and-stratigraphyweathering & transport, sedimentary rocks & environments, the layered record, sequence stratigraphy
Geochemistrygeochemistrycosmochemistry, element distribution, isotopes, aqueous & trace-element geochemistry

Tier 1 — Structure and dynamics

TopicFileScope
Structural geology & tectonicsstructural-geology-and-tectonicsstress & strain, faults & folds, plate tectonics, orogeny, basins
Volcanologyvolcanologyeruption styles & products, edifices, hazards, monitoring

Tier 1 — Surface and water

TopicFileScope
Geomorphology & surface processesgeomorphology-and-surface-processeslandscape evolution, hillslopes, fluvial/glacial/aeolian/coastal/karst
Hydrology & water resourceshydrology-and-water-resourcesthe water cycle, surface water, groundwater (Darcy), water quality & management
Oceanographyoceanographymarine geology, physical/chemical/biological oceanography, circulation, waves & tides

Tier 1 — Time and life

TopicFileScope
Geochronology & geologic timegeochronology-and-geologic-timedeep time, relative & radiometric dating, the timescale, Earth history
Paleontologypaleontologyfossils & fossilization, the history of life, mass extinctions, macroevolution

Tier 1 — Applied geology

TopicFileScope
Economic & resource geologyeconomic-and-resource-geologyore deposits, petroleum systems, critical minerals, exploration & mining
Environmental & engineering geologyenvironmental-and-engineering-geologygeohazards, soil/rock mechanics, contamination, human impacts, risk

Tier 2 — Specialty deep dives

TopicFileScope
Plate tectonicsplate-tectonics-deepthe evidence & history, plate kinematics (Euler poles), boundary processes, driving forces, the Wilson cycle

Tier 3 — Catalogs

Adjacent libraries